Yellow Toadflax is also known as:

• Butter-and-eggs
• Wild snapdragon

Habitat

• Cultivated fields
• Gardens
• Grasslands
• Roadsides
• Waste places

Description
Toadflax is a perennial from creeping rootstocks that spread by roots and seeds. The stems are 20 - 60 cm in height. They are erect, hairless or with short hairs and are usually in clumps. The leaves are narrow and tapered on both ends. They are 2.5 to 3 cm long and 1 to 3 cm wide. Flowers resemble those of the snapdragon but toadflax flowers have 2 colours. The main part of the flower is a buttery colour with orange, egg yolk color at the tips. The flowers also have a spur at the base which is not found on snapdragons. They flower throughout the summer. Seeds are dark brown or black, round, and flattened.

Control Practices

• Control can be made through frequent tillage. It should be started after harvest and continued until the next summer. Plants should not be allowed to remain above the ground for more than 5 days.
• Seed to a competitive crop such as wheat or barley between summerfallow years.
• Chemicals can be substituted for some tillage operations.
• Oats can be grown for green feed and cut before the toadflax produces seeds.
• Crested wheatgrass will help the spread of toadflax but probably won't ever eradicate it. Do not overgraze. The grass must be allowed to compete with the weed.
• Mowing yearly to prevent seed production is advisable.
• Chemical control can also be done.